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There are certain misconceptions about psychology that people have lived with over the years simply because either they do not understand the nature of mental illness or because they are firmly rooted in their cultural attitudes.

These beliefs have been proven to be inaccurate as they really are unfounded and can not be supported by scientific evidence. They have been partly responsible for neglect psychiatric patient is sometimes exposed to.

1. What mental illness is unique and different from physical illness: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines health as “physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

Illness clearly, in different forms. Physical illness appeared in the form of headache, fever, pain, cough, etc. So also is a mental illness in the form of obvious irrational behavior. The above characteristics are known as symptoms of the disease: it does not matter whether they are physical or otherwise; disease is a disease.

2. Psychiatric patients are violent and dangerous: This is not always true and quite a number of these patients less violent than some of those who are perceived to be well.

3. Patients Psychiatric never get well when they go on the market: This is false as many of them have been selected from the market and taken to hospital for treatment they received well by proper management.

4. mental illness is a punishment for sin: Illnesses are caused by bacteria, toxins, hormonal imbalance, stress, genetic problems, etc. The same applies to mental illness. They are not caused by curses or sins they are caused by any of the above.

5. Psychiatric disease is incurable: Treatment of psychiatric problems could take a long time before the patient gets well. The same applies to diseases such as peptic ulcer disease, tuberculosis, kidney disease, heart disease, etc …

Mentally ill patients may suffer setback as also seen in malaria, eczema, asthma, gastric ulcer, etc. and they could also have persistent . The same thing occurs in other forms of physical disorders.

6. mental illness is contagious: mental illness is safest to stay close as they are not infectious. Unlike some forms of physical diseases, they are not transmitted through contact with the patient or contact with bodily discharges.

7. psychiatric nurses are only trained to handle psychiatric patients: This is the only area of ​​specialization. Every nurse trained in basic patient care and can work in any hospital or healthcare installed.

8. mental illness is seasonal: This is also wrong. Patients may have a regular setbacks but their illness is not open.

9. psychiatric nurses behave like their patients: The environment can influence the behavior of people in some ways. Exposure nurse with mentally ill patients helps the nurse to develop emotionally and understand the importance of interpersonal relationships.

10. One must be mentally ill if bitten by a psychiatric patient: Illness can not be transmitted through saliva or human bite. It is a disease of the mind and so can not infect another person.

The understanding of these misunderstandings would enable us to better connect with patients with mental illness and be well equipped to lend a helping hand when needed to reduce their plight.

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Source by Joseph Ezie Efoghor

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A hospital is driven by the goal of saving lives. It can range in size and service from a small unit that provides general care and low-risk treatments to large, specialized centers offering dramatic and experimental treatments. You can be a limited choice of hospital by factors beyond your control, including insurance, hospital affiliation to the doctor, and the type of care available.

Before hospital, you should be aware of possible dangers. Well-known dangers hospitals are unnecessary features, unexpected adverse reaction, harmful or even fatal blunders and hospitals have infection. The Institute of Medicine recently three areas where the health care system in general, and hospitals and their staff, in particular often fall short: The use of unnecessary or inappropriate care (too many antibiotics), underused actual care (too few immunizations or Pap smear) and shortcomings in technical and interpersonal skills. More than one risk of hospital infection presents, which is largely preventable.

What can make people do to ensure proper and safe care while in the hospital? The following guidelines should be considered.

If you have a choice of hospitals, inquire about their accreditation status. Hospitals are under review to make sure they are in compliance with federal standards. Rules implemented in 1989 requires the release of information on request to state health departments of death in the hospital, the accreditation status, and major deficiencies.

Before checking into the hospital, you need to decide on your accommodations. Do you want to pay extra for a single room? Want nonsmoker for a roommate? Do you need a special diet? Do you need a place to store refrigerated medicine? If someone would be with you, they will need a cot? You should try to avoid going into the weekend when few procedures are performed. When you get to your room, you should speak up immediately if it is unacceptable.

You need to be familiar with rights as a patient. Hospitals should provide information booklet which includes patient bill of rights. The booklet will tell you that you have the right to considerate and respectful care; Information about tests, drugs, and procedures; dignity; courtesy; respect; and the opportunity to make decisions, including when to go to the hospital.

You should make informed decisions. Before the permit procedure, the patients about their condition, treatment options, expected risks, prognosis state, and name of the person responsible for treatment. This is called informed consent. The only times hospitals are not getting informed consent are cases involving life-threatening emergency, unconscious patients when no relatives are present, and / or compliance with law or court order, such as examination of sexually transmitted diseases. If you are asked to sign a consent form, you should read it first. If you want more information, you should ask before signing. If you are skeptical, you have the right to post pone the procedure and discuss it with your doctor.

Source of a medical procedure can be given nonverbally, such as the appearance of a clinic for treatment, cooperative during the administration of the test, or failure to object when consent can easily rejected. This is called implied consent.

You have to weigh the risks of drug treatment, x-ray examinations and laboratory tests with their anticipated benefits. When tests or treatments are ordered, you should ask about their purpose, potential risks, and possible actions if a test finds something wrong. For example, injection or consumption x-ray dyes makes body more visible and greatly facilitates the ability of the doctor to make the correct diagnosis. However, pigments can cause allergic reactions extending from a skin rash circulatory failure and death. Finally, you should inquire about prescribed drugs. You should avoid taking drugs, including pain and sleep medication, unless you feel confident about their benefits and are aware of their dangers.

When timetable for action, preparing anesthesia. In rare cases, anesthesia can cause brain damage and death. One cause of such disasters is vomiting while unconscious. To reduce the risk, refuse food or drink that may be available for error 8 hours before surgery.

You need to know who is in charge of care and record the office number and when you can expect a visit. If your doctor is moving care to someone else, you need to know who it is. If your doctor is not available and you do not know what’s going on, you can ask the nurse in charge of your case.

You should keep a daily log of procedures, medications, and doctor visits. When you get your bill, compare each item with a written record. Insist on itemized bill.

You have to be active within the limits of medical problem. Many features of the body begin to suffer from inactivity few days. Moving about, walking, bending, and contracting muscles help to clean the body fluids, reduce the risk of infections (especially of the lungs), and deal with stress procedures that improve hospital for depression and distress in the hospital.

You should be wary. Of your stay, you can keep asking questions until you know everything you need to know. According to some experts, the biggest improvement in health care has not been technological advances; it’s been patients asking questions. The more questions, fewer mistakes and the more power patients have a doctor-patient relationship

Selecting a healthcare

The choice of doctor for general health is an important and necessary duty. Only physicians are discussed here, but this information applicable to the selection of all health care professionals. You have to choose one that will listen carefully to your problems and analyze them accurately. At the same time, you need to have a doctor who can move through the maze of modern medical technology and experts.

For most people, good health means to have a primary care physician, specialists will help you as you responsible for your overall health and directs you when specialized care is necessary. primary-care physician should be familiar with your complete medical history, as well as at home, work and other environments. You are better understood during periods of illness when the doctor sees you also during periods of well-being. Find a primary care physician, however, can be difficult. Of the 700,000 physicians in the United States, only 200,000 (less than 30%) in health care.

For adults, the primary-care doctors usually family practitioners, once called “Writing” and internists, specialists in internal medicine. Pediatricians often serve as primary-care doctors for children. Gynecologists and obstetricians who specialize in pregnancy, childbirth and the female reproductive system diseases, often serve as primary care physicians for women. In some places, general surgeons may offer health care as well as function they perform. Some osteopathic physicians also engaged in Family Medicine. A doctor of osteopathy (DO) is focused on the treatment of the body to treat the symptoms.

There are several sources of information to get the names of doctors in your area:

Local and state medical societies can identify doctors by specialty and tell you the basic credentials doctor is. You should check the relationship of the hospital doctor and make sure the hospital is recognized. Another sign of status is made by the communities where physician membership. Eligibility surgeon, for example, are enhanced by the community in the American College of Surgeons (FACS abbreviated by name surgeon). An Internist community in the American College of Physicians is abbreviated F ACP. Membership in academies indicates a special interest medical.

All physicians board certified in the United States are listed in the American Medical Directory published by the American Medical Association and available in larger libraries. About a quarter of practicing physicians in the US are not board certified. This could mean that the doctor failed the exam, never completed training, or is incompetent. It could also mean that the doctor simply has not taken the test.

The American Board of medical specialists (ABMS) publishes the Compendium of Certified specialties, which lists physicians by name, specialty, and location. Pharmacists may be asked to recommend names.

Hospitals can give you the names of staff physicians also engaged in the community.

Local medical schools can identify faculty members who also practice privately.

Many colleges and universities have clinics that maintain a list of doctors for referrals of students.

Friends may have recommendations, but you should allow for the possibility that your opinion of a doctor may vary.

Once you have identified a leading candidate, you can order. You need to check with the Office of office hours, the availability of emergency care at night or on weekends, backup doctors, procedures when you call for advice, hospital associations, and payment and insurance procedure.You should schedule the first visit while in good health. Once you have seen your doctor, consider this: Did the doctor seem to be listening to you? Were your questions answered? History was made? Were you informed about possible side effects of medications or tests? The respect shown for your need of privacy? Was a doctor open to the proposal a second opinion?

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Source by Prahalad Singh

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Obamacare, even the title is an oxymoron. There is nothing that I can see in my review and analysis of the “PPACA” HR 3590 that resembles “care”.

Nancy Pelosi put “local framework” of this legislation in connection with the infamous her statement, “we need to pass this bill in order to find out what is in it.” Talk about ready, fire, aim!

Unfortunately for us in medicine and medical support service areas, PPACA is now law. Rather than burying our heads in the sand, it is important to understand and prepare for the direct and indirect effects of the PPACA will have a medical provider revenue cycle.

What percentage of the total A phone / R is patient A / R?

The national average for patient A / R ratio of the total A / R for non-hospital medical practices is 16.4%.

How much are you collecting as of Patient A / R?

Although it varies by specialty, on average, do not collect Hospital Medical practices 17.8% of the money owed patients.

• gastroenterologists 26.9%
• urologists 24.9%
• radiology 19.6%
• oncology 07.9%
• surgeons 14.7%
• Cardiologists 12.8%

When “prototype program for Obamacare,” Romney Care, was introduced in MA for some years ago, the second increase in patient accounts were on average 30%.

is expected to predict patient A / R increases due Obamacare General to be 27.5%.

If you are collecting less than half of outstanding patient phone / R, you can actually afford to have insurance A / R reduction and patient A / R increased by 27.5%?

In recent years, even before Obamacare, patient receivable A / R for most health care has become a growing problem.

5 years: Medical experts were conditioned to survive in the co-pay and insurance reimbursement. Very little thought or effort was put into collecting the responsibility of the patient.

Today, 83% of doctors interviewed said A / R part of their overall trade has gone up more than 15% in the last 5 years. Lower insurance reimbursements and much higher deductibles patients, providers have expressed that they can no longer afford to live of insurance reimbursement and co-pay one.

Medical providers have found that they can no longer simply write off the unpaid balance of the patient and expect to stay in business. Obamacare will only intensify this as a growing problem. Cooperation with the revenue cycle company specializing in billing and collections patient will significantly reduce this threat.

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Source by Samara L Keaton

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Part of the problem in dealing with dementia patients is “attitude”, they are usually negative. Due care requires a major effort already in day-to-day demands, any negativism is just one thing to face. Understanding its origin can help to make it more acceptable and sometimes even avoid it.

The article “notion of time in dealing with dementia patient”, I say to live without short-term memory obliges the dementia patient to live only in the present moment. That means they have little sense of why things happen because they can not remember what was just happening. The whole idea of ​​cause and effect disappears so they come to believe that anything can happen. Memory loss is so destabilizing that it is difficult for these patients to be positive. Then, with no memory, they can not prepare themselves for the upcoming event, they have the impression that things keep happening to them against their will. This is especially true of “control freaks” like my mother. Since she can no longer control things, her idea of ​​the perfect day is one where we stay home all day. Her sigh of pleasure is audible when I announce that there are no plans for that day.

For caregivers, this can be a little depressing because it means that each proposed activity is going to be met with various reactions go from reluctant “OK” to all the “Not today, my back is killing me “. In my case, I have learned that my mother will always say yes to the breakfast table, but then try to take down the last moment. Knowing this, even I can be surprised. The other day I saw that it was a book sale in the library 30 min. away. I knew my mother could handle this length of trip where we were doing just the same trip last week just to buy yarn. My mother also used to be a librarian and is / was an avid reader. (It’s hard to read a novel when you can not remember what you just read.) The breakfast table she was very enthusiastic although she did keep focused on that I was the one who wanted to go and she wanted to do something for me. I heard the alarms go off in my head but decided to push on; after all, my pile of thrillers had indeed reduced to nothing and spend the whole day in the house is not my idea of ​​entertainment.

After two reminders, my mother was finally dressed and we left. I was convinced that she would come up with the usual claim her to return home before we get to the highway, but she did not. 10 minutes into the ride we had run out of conversation, 20 minutes journey she began to ask how much longer it would be and I could sense her starting to tense up. I suggested that we stop for coffee and she snapped at me that it was better to get this over with. On the side, I was trying to be Zen; after all, we had the pleasure; any books would be a luxury. As soon as possible, I started oohing and aahing on how well the library was given the size of the book sales return, etc. When we pulled into the handicapped parking space right next to the door, I thought she might actually refuse to get out of the car. I could see that she was seething.

For me, of course, there was no reason for her reaction, but it was pretty clear what was going on in her mind, this was not the usual our library, ride in a place she did not know was scary, the time it took was like an eternity. I “cheerfully” took out Walker and its our reusable bags shopping, chatting all the time about how great this was and how I had really run out of books etc. When we first went in, she was looking so angry that I decided to go for it on her own, so she could feel more independent and I could get down to my own choice; I knew my time was limited. As expected, she chose only books that were familiar (ie we have them at home). Fortunately, she had decided to budget herself to $ 4 so that meant only 8 books. (She groused to me at “our” library, secondhand books are only 25c.) When I saw originally her choice, I decided to mention that we had two of them at home so she said to take them out of the pile and she would choose another. I did little fingers would be (my father was a wizard) and spent two more. This was of course replaced with 4 more “repeats”, but now she feels much safer. Walking among the tables allowed her to present themselves with the place in half an hour we were there and she does love books. Then, too, the fact that I finished choosing my books at the same time she did, it was very pleasing to her. Learning that we had got 33 books for $ 16.50 amazed her and put a very positive light on our little outing.

So was it worth it? After all, I had spent the entire trip wondering if we’d actually get a sale. The time of the sale was spent trying to keep an eye on my mother and still trying to choose books for me. On the other hand, my mother’s relief on the way back that everything had gone well, the obvious. Gone was the silence that had marked the outward journey: She spoke of scattered rain showers that we kept going through, she spoke about the agreement that we had (each time asking me numbers), she talked about the restaurant where we were going to eat (we ate finally home). Even a few days after, when she saw me reading a book, she would ask if it was from the “journey”. How she remembered the trip, I do not know, but it would definitely be a good stimulus and every little thing helps.

So yes, it is worth it when you become a caregiver, you have decided that the other person is worth to care. Caring for someone with dementia means trying to keep them as much themselves as they once were, allowing them to connect to their former selves as long as possible. (Short-term memory may be gone but basic knowledge and long-term memory often subsist to a good degree.) This requires that you gently push them to do what they used to enjoy. Again it will not stimulate them, they are just terrible. When these patients say no to your recommendations, you must remember that it really is not that they are being negative, it is often that they do not understand what is going to happen or how else to express their fears. It is not really negativism, it just looks pretty much like it.

I have adapted the way I talk to my mother:

– I do not usually ask her if she would like to go to the grocery store. Despite the fact that this is an activity that she enjoys (the only one in which she is very comfortable because she knows the store as well), she will try to delay. I say more: we need this or that, shall we go to Publix or Walmart? This is good because it focuses her thoughts (rather than her fear) function and gives her the feeling that she is the one to decide, which is positive.

– I avoid imposing a choice of 3 things because she can definitely get lost. I noticed early on that when I invited her to choose from two, she would usually choose another. Obviously! It requires less thought to say the last word she heard. So now, to balance out the two types of ice to keep, I just edit a series I invite them in. Funny how it keeps our stock evenly balanced!

– I was not going anywhere for no reason because my mother has not forgotten how to ask why? (Since she does not want to venture out anyway). Personally, I think some of my excuses are pretty flimsy, but without my mother has difficulty evaluating it and is willing to accept the idea of ​​my value, importance and urgency. With no sense of time and no less, it is difficult to prioritize things or events. This allows me to get us out of the house to buy one skein of yarn for a baby blanket that I’m going to do next for my grandchild due in 6 months!

Recall that NO is an expression of fear or ignorance but a no, is a good way to learn how to circumvent the problem. In the beginning, it may feel like lying or deception, but when you see what you can do with it, it can solve a lot of problems. The most important person in the caregiver / patient relationship is the caregiver, so give yourself a break when you can. The patient is certainly not going to remember the little falsehoods and you may even start to feel that you are master of the situation. Do not let the NO defeat you, but consider it a challenge!

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Source by Catherine Warner

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Odour wounds can be distressing for both patients and caregivers who will care for them. Odour can cause the patient to feel embarrassed or ashamed and may lead them to reduce their daily civilities. Patients with foul-smelling wounds are often driven to pick up a scent using various techniques that can effectively inhibit wound healing, such as applying scented creams or too-frequent bathing. In short, malodorous wounds can significantly affect the life of the patient, causing depression and poor self-esteem.

For caregivers charged with caring for the wounded, the task can be an unpleasant one. Ulcers can be so foul-smelling that the caregiver becomes ill, making it difficult for the caregiver to perform the difficult task of caring for these wounds. Those who have handled the wound know how difficult this can be.

So what can be done to deal with the foul-smelling wounds? As it turns out, the problem is not a hopeless one.

What causes wound odor?

Breakdown tissue death and tissue necrosis is a common cause of wound odor. Certain bacteria that colonize the wound and drop content can also cause odor. For example, Pseudomonas has a characteristic odor, which makes Klebsiella. Anaerobes are often the culprit foul odor, and the wounds it suddenly becomes foul smelling probably become colonized by anaerobic bacteria.

Many try to control the smell of deodorizers, air conditioning and charcoal packaging, but usually find these methods ineffective.

How can wound odor combat?

The most important first step in combating odor is to ascertain the cause or source, the smell. The pathogenicity of the identified possible. Antimicrobial wound cleaners may be used, but it should secure content. Wounds should be debrided if necessary. The following products can be useful:

• containing silver
• containing polyhexamethylene biguanide
• for common infections, topical and general antibiotic use
• odor control packaging, such as those containing carbon, can be used to absorb odor molecules, preventing odors from escaping the dressing
• Cyclodextrins are natural lipids that absorbs odors, and work best in a humid environment, making them ideal for very exudating wounds
• Metronidazole has also been used to fight odor; when used topically it is possible to eliminate anaerobic bacteria that cause odor. It is easy and convenient, and metronidazole topical does not cause the same side effects and be used for oral administration. Several studies have found topical metronidazole to be effective odor destroyer.

The problem wound odor can be life-changing for the patient who lives with constant foul odor, and can be uncomfortable for caregivers like a healthy. Every effort should identify the cause of odor. There are several products that can be effective in combating odor.

If you are interested in learning more about wound care, or want to become certified as a wound care specialist, visit us online at woundeducators.com to explore your options.

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Source by Laurie Swezey

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Medical Alert devices are electronic gadgets worn on the body to let your family, friends and a doctor in case of emergencies. They are usually designed for senior citizens, but they are equally important for all those who suffer from serious and debilitating diseases such as cardiovascular disease, asthma, allergies, neurological problems, epilepsy, fainting, blindness and many other diseases.

Medical Alert devices come in many shapes and designs. They can be in the form of buttons, necklaces, bracelets, pendants or wristwatches. They may have known form. They may be made of precious metals such as silver or gold, or come in practical sizes without attention to aesthetic appearance. Image-conscious wearers usually go for these devices in the form of fashionable (Medical) jewelry, which is less likely to promote health problems for others.

Since wearing these devices is often a medical necessity, one needs to be careful before deciding which device is best for their type of disease. The simplest form of these devices are manufactured as jewelry items with the patient’s medical history, along with the telephone number of his family doctor, engraved on them. But much more useful than they are jewelry items equipped with sensors and electronic methods that enable the transmission system installed within, and connected to telephone lines or radio frequency to contact the patient’s family, friends, and doctor, and also medical policy. These devices include medical identity of the patient and his disease history such a critical time in the analysis is not wasted.

Considering the millions of people worldwide suffering from various medical problems, the market is awash with fashion designer medical jewelry designed for these individuals. Therefore, one must be careful before spending money on them. It would be better to consult a doctor’s before deciding which equipment suits your condition. These devices are sophisticated and likely to be expensive and beyond the reach of ordinary individuals. But if a thorough search is conducted via the Internet, the Yellow Pages or other sources, cheaper but equally useful accessories can be purchased. Care should be taken about the reputation of the manufacturing company with regard to product quality, guarantee its efficiency and after-sales service.

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Source by Max Bellamy

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The quality of the health care you get can have a major impact on health and wellness; It is surprising, then, to discover that many do not know the first thing to determine the quality of health care they receive from their medical supervisor. All too often, patients rely solely on referrals from their HMOs or select facility random. The fact of the matter is that to do your research before settling each medical instructor is important. There are several ways to do this, including read good reports, looking at consumer ratings and information for checking accreditation.

The examination for accreditation information

When a personal, unbiased and independent group provides a medical or gives its seal approval, it is called accreditation. In order to be recognized by such independent groups, hospital, nursing home or other medical facility must meet several strict national regulations and standards. Accreditation is also an ongoing process, which means that facilities are regularly reviewed to ensure that they remain up to par with current standards. The Joint Commission on Accreditation Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and the National Committee for quality assurance (NCQA) are two of the best-known accreditation in the healthcare industry.

Reading Quality Reports

There are some quality reports, or report cards published regarding health and provide each year. Such reports judge and evaluate the quality of care provides medical assistants, allowing patients to get a better feel for the facilities are right for them. Government funded report cards are among the most well respected; US Department of Health and Human Services, for example, issues a report that compares hospitals around the United States. Another Topnotch quality report is one of a nursing home issued by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Looking Consumer Rating

Although reports and accreditation are important tools, get a feel for the human side of health care is also important. To learn how one patients have ordered a variety of health care in the area, people can check online ratings for consumers. Such ratings can cover a myriad of different topics and subjects, and often are simple customer service ratings to give patients an idea of ​​the level of service of individual facilities. When combined with reports of quality and accreditation information, consumer ratings can help patients form a coherent idea of ​​quality health care centers and individual physicians instructors in their area.

be proactive About Healthcare

In order to get the best possible services from health care providers their patients must do their research. Simply assuming that all given medical facilitator will provide exceptional service fífldirfska at best, and dangerous at worst. Be proactive about the quality of care received is the responsibility of every patient. By keeping the medical assistants accountable for the level of care they provide, quality health care as a whole will improve. Make this study takes very little time and can make a huge difference.

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Source by Zoumanan Debe

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Abstract

It is well known that most anorexic girls have the controlling parents who find it impossible to not can participate in all areas of life girl. However, another factor has recently attention of psychologists and it is a parent with Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP) in which one or more of the parents are to keep the child in a state of anguish so that the mental state of anorexia continue. This allows parents to enjoy the drama of life hospital and increasing control of all aspects of medical treatment. It is very drama hospitals is the excitement and satisfaction of the desire to be a hero.

Introduction:

Baron Munchausen was a German soldier (1871) as the head of the armed forces regaled everyone who would listen great stories of his heroism and adventure. However was all make-believe, but allowed him to garner so much attention otherwise dull his life would offer. In psychological terms we have adapted the concept of syndrome where one person deliberately exaggerates, fabricates and increases mental or physical condition of someone in their care. In the case of anorexia, this means continuing to create the conditions and behaviors that cause the child / girl to continue the unhealthy thoughts, feelings and behavior.

anorexia itself is recognized as slimming disease where the girl deliberately refuses nourishment and maintains strength training in order to reduce its weight. This leads to training stomach to accept less food than it needs to maintain a healthy balance of height to weight ratio (BMI). In addition, the girl buys rituals (compulsions behavior) which enables it to reduce feelings of anxiety over-weight when in fact she is wasting away (BMI morphism). This can involve jerking movements, over-stretch and fast paced walking.

The title – by proxy – means that while a parent in everyday life has the habit, perhaps even dull existence that they find through their children that they can create conditions in which the child is held in weak states need hospitalization in order to enjoy the theater watching doctors trying to save their child, often the controlling family – the closer to doctors – many of whom are over-whelmed by the parent acting as a hero trying to save their child. The Munchausen parent often has read many medical books and especially on topics that their child has developed. Often tell doctors how they should treat their child at their moment by moment. This causes a lot of pressure and stress to the doctors now fear law-suits and complaints by parents who think they know better. Despite what you may see on television, most doctors are workers like any other and have the same fear of unemployment and loss of reputation.

Problem:

When Munchausen parent is in control of doctors, child / girl, and all other experts they lose the confidence of the medical profession to help and so bitterly complain of the same doctors that were considered the most care taking into account doctors – but when doctors try to take back control – parents start looking for so-called external experts – crossing healing begin to visit the child in hospital (often without permission hospital authorities) led the guests. These so-called famous experts – see the baby and reconfirm it is weak – that no dispute in the first place. However, when these outside doctors realize that they are using them disappear quickly back to where ever they came from. The parents then start hopping hospital – take your child to different hospitals regularly – every hospital is better than the last one – each group of doctors more caring – although in time this begins to falter and a new set of doctors to grasp the situation and wish to distance separately from their parents.

Although in most cases, one parent situation that causes the other spouse is often in the role and weaker. They tend to take a first parent – it is like when you are a child and your mother crying, “Listen to your father dear”. Other parents often have some psychological problems on their own that they model down to children in the family. In child development, socialization occurs in the home often by sitting parental behavior – if you father makes it seem normal – the child develops a similar inner belief, for example, if one of the parents suffering from anxiety and uses rituals to reduce feelings of the we should not be surprised to see a child imitating process for themselves.

Psychological Treatment

Although most treatment family would be the preferred route with at least two psychologists work together (one observer) and it is not often adopted by parents who would mean that the risk exposure of their motivation for the illness of their daughter. Often parents will manage the issues discussed and pre-brief therapist about what they should ask, the focus of attention to the child and make certain subjects taboo. This ensures that they still continue to be in control of the situation and if untrained therapist in clinical practice will not understand, often end up confused about how they became a tool of the parent. Unfortunately, most consultants are not trained to deal with difficult issues – and can actually do more harm than good to be controlled by a parent without realizing it. They really can help to increase anxiety and eating disorders in children by dealing with parenting problems in the first place. Of course in all this is a victim – a child – that with the right support and cognitive emotive approach could recover and live a normal life. The parents and act as heroes to save the day – in fact, continue to call the behavior of the child by over-control and high criticism. Separation of a child from parents is the most desirable outcome, but extremely difficult as they have been over-dependency in a child who is unsure of inconsistency parents treated her over-involvement of physicians and their requirements that is all her own fault, where such a point that the child has lost all confidence in parents and doctors and that they are torn by the dependency is so painful.

Legal obligations:

This is especially mine field, most doctors do not like to walk. If you suspect that a parent is deliberately continued suffering of the child to enjoy the drama of the situation that you are obliged to inform social services to the situation. In the case of Munchausen syndrome by proxy it is very difficult to prove in court – parent behavior judged by most lay people (juries) can be seen as over-protective care but not as intentional damage. The child can not support your case as with most minor they have a dependency problem of not accepting parents say she loves you would then hurt you on purpose. In the UK where physical damage was often occurs – Secret cameras were placed by court order in suspected cases. Often cameras caught MSP parents choking, braking weapons and even beating children (children in most cases) in order to continue the drama. These parents were obviously cause the data of the video shown in court. While the psychological harm it is much more difficult to prove your case. Verbal cruelty and control is not directly criminal situation that can be witnessed, but only mentioned reports anorexic child’s parents coercion. Therefore, it is rare or impossible to stop career medical judgment by trying issue as an expert witness to something that may end up blowing back in your face as bait complaint incompetence.

Alternative Strategies

Once doctors realize anorexia child is actually being deliberately continued with the parent who is MSP then they fall back on – Unfortunately we can not help – unfortunately we can not take responsibility – unfortunately we do not have any daughters case. In other words – they pass the child. Each hospital again realizes the situation within a few weeks and start to discuss behind close doors löndunarþjónustu child for the lack of progress. However, at some point parents run out of options now that most of the hospitals know who they are. So even at registration – names are already marked for rejection. While this sounds unethical hospital’s duty to protect other patients and non-doctors distracted dominate the parents who take a considerable time in hospital – often staying overnight and all day – just to make sure – their child is get constant attention. This is a problem for any hospital has to provide a level of service that is constant over time and priority of patient care.

Summery:

For treating psychologist this is a constant challenge. Otherwise, they have to take into account the moral obligation to their child’s welfare, it always a problem of the parent that the child is still in need of care. To do this the confidence of the child is uppermost in the mind of psychologists. This may mean taking a stand against the doctors, parents and well-meaning outsiders. What the child needs is consistency care – at least one person is always there for them to listen, talk and help. A child is not an adult patient and often looks to a psychologist for direction and advice. Come in conflict with the dominant parents is inevitable as they try to win a psychologist to follow their program. Parents often cite – experts on you – to tell you that they know best and that you are not doing what they expect of you. Treatment takes a long time – several weeks – many meetings – but parents want instant results – and if you can not provide them – you are not good enough and so they are looking for the next famous experts to take your place. But even for parents if you are a good therapist with experience confidence you gain the child can overcome parental interference. The child will often require that you see – as the only one who they can really trust – parents are furious at this result as it may be a child to get more in control and do not need them so much.

Conclusion:

I would like to state that it is easy conclusion this type of case it is not. That’s one reason a child separation from parents is ideal – get her alone for a while and build confidence her to the point she can resist MSP her parents from harming her spirituality. While in most cases this will never happen – so you need to have a high tolerance level of criticism against a control and insight often novel ways of dealing with anorexia and MSP at the same time. priority should always be a child. However, let’s not forget that you could have two parents suffering from mental disorder all its own – and should be encouraged to seek treatment for themselves. It is best for them to go to individual meetings and not as a family – that dynamic is already toxic. If parents can be treated with MSP and other complications, the child may have the possibility of future.

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Source by Stephen F. Myler

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Hip surgery extraordinary opportunity for people who have had chronic hip pain or problems walking to experience the impressive improvement in their quality life. There are different situations that precipitate the need for hip surgery, but most involve hip replacement.

The hip, hip joint replaced by a prosthetic implant. The operation is conducted in order to reduce the pain of arthritis or to fix severe damage to the hip after hip fracture.

There are many possible methods the surgeon can choose the case of hip surgery. In part, the difference between them relates to the location and type of surgical procedure. Examples include posterior approach, lateral approach, the long side approach, the anterior approach and minimally invasive procedure.

Depending on the type of surgery carried out, recovery times – and the experience of the patient during recovery – can be.

If you are interested in knowing more about the get-well gift and hip surgery, here are five typical stages of recovery to hip surgery patient may experience (situation friends may vary). Included is a proposal for appropriate gifts in each level:

1. Recovery room (first 2 hours)

Immediately after the procedure, the patient will still be under general anesthesia. They have performed for about two hours to the recovery room where they “come to” wake up. At this time, there are to be no guests are in the area. While sending a gift in this room is probably not possible, you might want to have some flowers ready when they are shipped out of this room.

2. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is recommended for some patients (24 hours):

Some patients, about 24 hours in intensive care is recommended. This is up to the doctor and depends on various factors. It is unlikely that visitors will have access to the patient at the time in intensive care units, so better keep track of gift giving at this stage.

3. The remainder of the stay in the hospital (several days in some cases):

The patient will remain in hospital for several days or more. Usually, physical therapy is started the day after surgery. This would be a great time to give a gift, such as a soothing CD, a gift basket full of goodies or handmade album.

4. original at-home recovery

When a patient is taken home, the first recovery phase will require more personal care for the patient but it will later down the line. The patient will probably use crutches or a walker to get around. At this point, the best gift may be simply pay your personal visit to the patient to ask if you can help them out around the house.

5. Long-term recovery

A few weeks after surgery, hip surgery, the patient will still be experiencing a recovery, although the discomfort and pain will be much less than before. At this time, all the gifts that help them to make their way home – or just something to cheer up the place a bit – will be appreciated.

Consider getting the right gift to suit given point in hip surgery patient recovery.

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Source by Susan Willis

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Teacher: Hello, Student. What do you know about information technology (IT)?

STUDENT: Well, I know that most software is full of “bugs”! By the way, why are these errors in programs called “bug”?

Teacher Computer “bugs” have been around since the failures of the 1945 Mark II was taught (facetiously) the moth trapped in a relay. Nowadays, the term refers to a programming bug -commands not achieve the desired results. But I’m sure you must know more about it than the fact that the programs have bugs!

STUDENT: Recently I read an interesting article by John Diebold years. Allow me to quote from it :.

“… Information technology is becoming increasingly key to national economic well-being, affecting virtually every industry and service One would be hard-pressed to name the companies that do not depend on the effective use of information: to design products and services, to monitor and respond to market demands, or to make well-informed decisions Information technology will change the world more permanently deeper than any technology so far in history. and will bring about the transformation of civilization to match “

Teacher :. Interesting. There is no doubt that information technology is now a major force with the potential to affect a number of organizations basically.

The effect of information technology on business has been enormous and will grow significantly.

There is no doubt that the shift from industrial economy to a service economy data set is in progress; and no one knows when the process will slow down.

In fact, the scale and traditional issues time, space, and mass will no longer be restrictions on products in the information age. Unlike standard product created for the mass market industrial age, electronic delivery of banking services, for example, is a measure independent and intangible, provides immediate service, and is not bound by the physical location of the bank.

STUDENT: online courses AmbaiU are a good example! Students from all over the world can instantly access the courseware. The dramatic growth of the Internet WWW service has naturally been an important factor in the growth of IT in general.

Teacher: True indeed. Environmental trends like globalization and increased international competition are speeding the movement toward increased use of information technology by companies. Exigencies of global coordination and the need to respond quickly to global competition threats have stressed the importance of the current business context. Dramatic technological advances in hardware, software, databases, and communications simultaneously pushed further use of IT.

STUDENT: So is the sky the limit for IT?

Teacher: Not entirely. At the same time, there are several factors militating against rapid deployment of IT. These include the still-slow development of appropriate software, long difficulties in quantifying the benefits (to justify the investment), merging database issues, and lack of standards (in respect of inter-organizational relationships).

STUDENT: I ​​also think that it would be “over-investment” in it in the last decade of the 20th century. century and even in the early 21 .. And what about it and Strategic Management?

TEACHER. True, we are primarily concerned about the likely impact of information technology on the implementation of strategic management. The reason for adopting such a perspective reflects a fundamental belief that information technology can potentially affect the essence of the business activities: Choices pertaining to products, markets, and technology (corporate policy level), as well as competitive methods within each product -Market part ( business strategy level).

STUDENT: I ​​suppose this is why the role of information technology is becoming wider than traditional information systems (IS) function, and is becoming general management concern and challenge.

Teacher: Good observation. We will consider three links that interconnect the three important concepts -strategic management (SM), information technology (IT) and management information systems (IS) function.

* Link 1: management information systems with information technology

According to the traditional view, IS is a service function (such as accounting, human resources or industrial relations) that is charged with the task of efficient processing and use of management reporting and monitoring system. According to such views, systems are designed to meet the information requirements of different management roles and are defined in standard information requirements assessment methodology. Further, the system evaluated criteria such as timeliness, format, quality and reliability, which reflects the technical capabilities of the system. The implication is that her role was conceived primarily as a technical core MIS function.

Consequently, the essential characteristics of this connection were hardware and software support for information architecture and flexible design to support minor changes in data requirements or to respond to changing technology core hardware system.

The policy points, according to the unstructured nature of decision-making, received minimal support from the traditional understanding and role definitions EN.

Link 2: Strategic Management of Information Systems

Description Link 1. reflects the view that the Treaty is a function was derived directly from the data evaluation website and had no clear link with the strategic choice in the corporate and business levels. This view was representative of the actual situation in the late 1960s and early 1970s, when the need to tailor the design of MIS with the requirements of organizational strategic perspective gained currency. In 1968, McKinsey & Co. a report called lock in your profit potential that called for the formal relationship between the design and implementation of MIS and business strategies and objectives. This publication urged managers to visualize the role of computers in business organizations that any excess data processing resource at the operational organization and more hardware that supports their policies.

STUDENT: Even before the McKinsey report, William King suggested that “IS-strategy set (consisting of the objectives, is a constraint, and the design methods) must be reduced” organization policy set “(composed of organizational mission, goals and methods)

Teacher:.! You’re well-read student, actually

sTUDENT: You may remember that I come from and I “iT family.” hold hearing complaint from iT my relatives, while there is concern within the MIS discipline to ensure that MIS is designed in line with the context of the company, the link in the other direction, from the common strategic context of MIS, remains. largely ignored

Teacher: True, but this is changing rapidly, several authors also called attention to the opportunities to use information and computer systems for strategic advantages as William King noted in an editorial comment in the management information .. Systems Quarterly, — information ( and is) tends to be the primary source (competitive) advantage in the marketplace rather than solely as a means to efficiently manage or service that is regularly switched on and off as needed.

STUDENT: Can we assume then that many people see connections between strategic management and is today as a bi-directional, mutually interconnected links, which represents a strategic role for the fall?

Teacher: Certainly, it was about time. In the transition towards a policy role, undergo goal and task management information functions important transformation. The systems are no longer viewed in terms of information support operations decisions, but in terms of implementation of the strategic goals of the organization, especially a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

Information systems with a charter to achieve competitive advantage are called “strategic information” and distinguished from more operationally more effective MIS. Indeed, MIS has been traditionally concerned with the operation of the control system for relatively structured decisions based on readily available, internal data. On the other hand, are a strategic information system designed to support the relatively unstructured decisions, especially those that are intricately tied to the activities of the square.

STUDENT: I ​​hear that such decisions usually require a combination of internal and external data, are neither structured nor completely specified.

Teacher: Exactly. Although perfect demarcation between management information and orientation information can not always be made, a conceptual distinction is important enough to be recognized as a conceptual distinction between strategic and operational decisions.

Let me mention some examples of strategic information systems operating in real companies

American Airlines, Sabre Reservation System -installed in most travel agencies for booking airline, hotel and rental car online.

American Hospital Supply Co :. ASAP-order entry systems installed in over 4500 medical establishments to order supplies on line. The system is interconnected to several internal support system

Citicorp Extensive use of automated teller machines and a global trading network. Several systems that support their plans for electronic banking.

McKesson Corp. Econo Most -Order entry system that supports customers with inventory control and analysis of sales.

United Airlines Apollo Travel reservation system with some maintenance services installed in about 7700 institutions.

Student, you can think of certain strategic objectives any of these companies have been achieved through the ER?

STUDENT: Well, I’m sure that SABRE provides American Airlines with important operating data that can be used for policy decisions; travel agents bent on Sabre are more likely to book on American more than other airlines.

Teacher: Yes, some so much that the US government has stepped in and set some limits on the potential Sabre pay AA!

Strategic information systems achieve their goals through several mechanisms, but two deserve special attention. These are: (1) the reconfiguration of the flow of information within the organization to provide competitive advantages compared to the competition and / or (2) the development of inter-organizational systems that go beyond the traditional boundaries of one focal organization.

STUDENT: Are these settings are mutually exclusive?

Teacher: No, but we will discuss them independently.

Reconfiguration of the information flow

Let’s consider the issue airline uses timely data to increase its load factor -perhaps one of the most critical factor for success in the airline industry. By developing a strategic information system designed not only to continuously collect data on the flight, but also to compare current sales against historical patterns airline may own Ticketing their agents (such as travel agents) to change the number of seats discounts available for limited flight by the current level of bookings in advance.

STUDENT: Similarly, I think that similar benefits can accrue to the hotel, where a key component of competitive success is the occupancy rate.

Teacher: Correct. And the basic concept of timeliness can be extended from the context of the services sector to the manufacturing sector. Consider the oil company that is able to communicate with their dealers directly and immediately oil change to ensure minimum delay between setting will be the headquarters and its implementation at stores.

STUDENT: In these illustrations, it does not affect the fundamental strategic business choice.

TEACHER. Right. However, the implementation of such decisions through the organizational hierarchy and swimming is easier using it, which leads to better policy outcomes.

Inter-organizational Systems Inter-organizational IT applications underline the potential to achieve competitive success, which reaches within-organization of information flows to apply and use information based relationships with diverse actors in the marketplace.

STUDENT: are using more complex sentences today! In short, what you mean is that the inter-organizational strategic information system is a system that extends beyond the boundaries of one focal organization to connect multiple organizations.

Teacher: Glad to see that you deserve! The potential todevelop such links (and consequently benefits to achieve competitive advantage) is perhaps the single most important reason, increased attention to the information system of strategic management point of view.

The railway industry, which has one of the highest levels of “penetration” in electronic data interchange (EDI) in all sectors, displays some level inter-organizational systems use. And relatively new industries, such as couriers (FedEx, UPS, etc.) are good examples too.

Let me also mention McKesson Drug Company. In the case of McKesson is often cited as one of the most successful example of transformation of the company with information technology capabilities. McKesson is the US national pharmaceutical distributor that gets close to 100 percent of its orders electronically from pharmacies through Econo Most systems. A customer orders by making one to go through the store with hand-held order entry devices, enter the product identifier or use the bar code scanner. Rearrange amount is shown on shelf tags. Once completed the order has been entered, it is sent to the data-processing services.

McKesson clearly achieved efficiency advantages to improve its profitability. Although the company does not seem to get a share at the main distributor of competition, it achieved significant strategic benefits in sales and market share gains at the higher competition. The system also achieved “increased tie the customer to McKesson” a significant strategic advantage. In addition, McKesson offers a number of other services based on the data gets from the Order Entry system.

The company also provides other companies in the health care business with specialized orientation system. The following message is an example:

In May 2003, McKesson Corporation announced that Liberty Health in Jersey City, New Jersey, signed an eight-year, $ 47 million agreement for products and services designed to change the use of clinical information to support patient care system in his hospital three. Liberty Health Clinic agreed Horizon (TM) Suite is McKesson (programs) to enhance patient safety, reduce administration and increase patient referrals by providing physicians and other caregivers better access to information.

“We have a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to reinvent use it to support patient care and increase quality as we open our new hospital,” says Dr. Jonathan Metsch, Liberty Health’s president and chief executive officer. “To create the best environment care, given that we have to provide the latest medical equipment. But just as important, we must provide advanced clinical IT solutions to support 900 physicians and nurses as they provide health care for this community. Of 600,000 people that is why we have partnered with McKesson – we get an excellent, advanced clinical applications “

Link 3 :. Strategic Management of Information Technology

in recent years, several new and powerful forces in the technological and market environment forcing one to recognize the relationship between strategic management and information technology in terms of the fundamental role of IT in influencing the policy formulation solid rather than just to support its implementation.

The potential for innovative competition mode as well as new products and services possible through it provides managers with an entirely different spectrum of opportunities and threats. Given the general explosion of computing power and communications capabilities (integrated voice and data network), some new business applications can be (and have been) developed in those areas that directly enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the square.

Examples: policy Merrill Lynch Merrill Lynch shows the potential offered by ICT to develop better substitute products (or services) as well as change the definition and domains of business operations. The introduction of Cash Management Account (CMA) of Merrill Lynch represented a revolution in terms of redefining the concept of financial market that was dominated by traditional banking institutions. The new business was built around integrating different financial instruments under the common practice so that individual investors are able to enjoy the convenience of transferring money over them as well as benefit from the “float” that banks traditionally enjoyed. This account allows integration of four basic services to investors: (1) automatic investment of cash and dividends in money market account, (2) credit through normal margin account, (3) cash withdrawal by check or debit card, and (4) investment in management and diversify account.

The policy could not be implemented without the use of information technology, it requires daily swaps across different accounts to send credit card charges, checks, securities and deposits, as well as developing daily updated credit limit for each account holder . This complex processing operation is not incidental but business is essential to the conceptualization and operation. The importance of information technology in this strategy is perhaps best underlined by the fact that Merrill Lynch received a patent for a cash account management system. The annual fee generated by this product for Merrill Lynch was quite significant.

Several variants (circurnventing of patent protection) of this basic concept have appeared in recent years, no one has so far approved product success Merrill Lynch.

Other companies that have utilized it to break down traditional industry boundaries in the service of Sears, now integrated the financial services provider; Citicorp, now investment and real estate companies as well as banks; and American Express, always strong in tourism, now making a play in international banking, insurance, and securities, as well as of financial and information supermarket. Indeed, the entire industry is transformed for similar but related forces: freedom and technology.

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Source by Nicole Bobbin